A screen shows the laureats of the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics, US physicist John J Hopfield and Canadian-British computer scientist and cognitive psychologist Geoffrey E Hinton, during the announcement by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, Sweden on October 8, 2024. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics US physicist John J Hopfield and Canadian-British computer scientist and cognitive psychologist Geoffrey E Hinton “for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks.” (Photo by Jonathan NACKSTRAND / AFP)